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We begin by computing the temperature distribution around a huddle, taking into account the wind (here coming from left to right.)

We first modeled huddles without noise

(double click the movie to play)

But we found that adding some noise helped make the huddles realsistic. Here the parameter beta captures the fraction of the penguin's perceived heat loss that is due to randomness. Their total heat loss is the sum of their actual heat loss and a random component. (below beta = 0.25)

(double click the movie to play)

And adding more noise is still fine (below beta = 0.5)

(double click the movie to play)

Last modified: Wed Nov 21 14:11:08 PST 2012